With nearly 90 years of experience engineering dust collectors and filters, Donaldson® Torit® is the name you can trust above all others for cleaner glass and ceramic processing. Donaldson Torit offers innovative dust collection technology, proven experience in glass and ceramic processing, sales and service support worldwide. From rugged, high performance baghouses to innovative, efficient cartridge or Torit® PowerCore® collectors, Donaldson offers the largest range of collectors in the industry.
Commercially produced glass can be classified as soda-lime, lead, fused silica, borosilicate, or 96 percent silica with soda- lime glass representing three-quarters of the glass produced. Glass is manufactured from materials that are crushed, weighed, mixed and melted to produce flat glass, container glass, pressed glass and blown glass.
Typical applications producing dust include —
Intake hoppers and pits, elevators, screw and belt conveyors, holding bins and silos, weigh stations, mixers, feeders, cullet crushers and screens.
Feed materials commonly are —
Major Ingredients: Sand, Limestone, Soda Ash, and Cullet (broken glass)
Minor Ingredients: Salt cake, aluminum oxide, barium oxide and oxides of iron, nickel, manganese and copper added to impart color to glass.
Characteristscs of dust in the various processes are —
Sand: course and free flowing.
Limestone: usually slightly agglomerative with wide particle size distribution, filters and cleans down easily.
Soda Ash: relatively fine with agglomerative characteristics, hygroscopic and should be kept dry.
Cullet: large irregular shaped particles, very abrasive
Filter considerations for glass dust
Polyester felt is the typical media choice for baghouse applications on glass production processes at ambient temperatures. Exotic media is often required at elevated temperatures, and selection has to consider the actual chemistry of the process. Protecting bags from direct abrasion is especially important when handling sand or cullet dust streams. Because glass dusts contain high percentages of silica, high levels of filtration efficiency must be a consideration in filter media selection, collector selection, and in collector sizing.
Cullet crushing is a challenging dust collection application requiring specific collector design. Intake materials are particularly abrasive, and dust loadings are often very high, so heavy gauge hoppers and airflow management are critical to collector success.
Sand, cullet, and limestone bin vents now benefiting from the advantages offered in both efficiency and size with the CP Series PowerCore collectors. The characteristics of soda ash still benefit from the performance of the DLMV in handling potential upset conditions associated with humidity and/or moisture.
Glass Batching Plant
Ceramic Floor and Wall Tile
Ceramic Floor and Wall Tile applications include: Conveyors, Elevators, Bins/Silo Vents, Rail/Truck Unloading, Batch Mixing, Spray Glazing, Tunnel Kiln/Furnace, Dry Pressing. Raw materials may include a wide variety of minerals and chemicals. Beyond clay and Cement the list of additional ingredients may include Flint, Feldspar, Alumina, Litharge, Whiting, Magnesite, Talc, Neohheline, Zircon, Borax, Pyrophyllite, Spodumene, Beryl, Lime, Plaster, Cobalt, Boron, Titanium Carbide, Silicone Carbide, Iron Oxide, Barium Titanate, Lead Zirconate, Tin Oxide, Zinc Oxide. These dusts are often abrasive, may be explosive, and are often hydroscopic, and agglomerative. AMR guidance may include cautions regarding the dust characteristics.
Tile manufacturing processes in particular can generate very aggressive applications. Bag life may be limited by higher temperature.
LEGISLATION (OTHER FEDERAL AND LOCAL LEGISLATION MAY APPLY)
US EPA
Particulate Matter (PM):
- PM 2.5 = 15 µg/m3 (annual), and 35 µg/m3 (24-hour)
- PM 10 = 150 µg/m3 (24-hour)
OSHA Regulations
REFERENCES
Industrial Ventilation Manual
NIOSH Publication No. 76-179
WAC 296-818-500
AP-42, 9.15.3 glass manufacturing